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Break-even point and break-even days calculator

Calculate the minimum revenue needed to cover all your costs, your break-even days and your margin of safety in seconds.

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What is the break-even point?

The break-even point is the level of revenue at which a business covers all of its costs and starts to make a profit. At this exact point, the result is zero: the business neither gains nor loses money. It is a central indicator of the business plan and of financial management, because it answers a simple question: “how much do I need to sell to be profitable?”.

Its calculation relies on the distinction between two types of costs. Fixed costs (rent, fixed salaries, insurance, subscriptions) stay stable whatever the volume of activity. Variable costs (purchases of goods, raw materials, commissions) increase in proportion to revenue.

Fixed costs

Rent, fixed salaries, insurance, subscriptions, depreciation: independent of the level of sales.

Variable costs

Purchases, raw materials, commissions, subcontracting: proportional to revenue.

Contribution margin

What is left from revenue after variable costs to cover fixed costs, then generate profit.

How to calculate it? The formula step by step

The break-even point is obtained in three steps, starting from the contribution margin:

1. Contribution margin = Revenue − Variable costs

2. Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin ÷ Revenue

3. Break-even point = Fixed costs ÷ Contribution margin ratio

Example: for revenue of €120,000, variable costs of €60,000 and fixed costs of €40,000, the contribution margin is €60,000, i.e. a contribution margin ratio of 50%. The break-even point is then €40,000 ÷ 0.50 = €80,000 of revenue. Below this amount, the business runs at a loss; above it, it is profitable.

Break-even days and margin of safety

The break-even in days expresses the break-even point as a duration. It indicates the number of days of activity needed to reach the break-even revenue: break-even days = (break-even point ÷ annual revenue) × 365. In the previous example, (80,000 ÷ 120,000) × 365 ≈ 243 days: the business becomes profitable from the 243rd day of the financial year.

The margin of safety measures the room for manoeuvre before falling back below break-even: margin of safety = revenue − break-even point. It shows by how much revenue can fall without the business becoming loss-making. The margin of safety ratio (margin of safety ÷ revenue) expresses it as a percentage: the higher it is, the more the business withstands a slowdown.

Finally, the projected profit follows directly: profit = contribution margin − fixed costs. Together, these indicators help to set a selling price, size fixed costs or judge the soundness of a project before starting out.

Frequently asked questions about the break-even point

What is the break-even point?
The break-even point is the minimum revenue a business must generate over a period to cover all of its costs, both fixed and variable. At this exact level of revenue, the result is zero: the business neither gains nor loses money. Below it, it runs at a loss; above it, it makes a profit.
What is the break-even point formula?
Break-even point = fixed costs ÷ contribution margin ratio. The contribution margin ratio is calculated as follows: (revenue − variable costs) ÷ revenue. In other words, you divide fixed costs by the share of each euro of revenue that remains available to cover them.
How do you calculate break-even in days?
Break-even in days expresses the break-even point as a duration. Formula: break-even (in days) = (break-even point ÷ annual revenue) × 365. It indicates the number of days of activity needed to reach the break-even point. A break-even of 240 days means the business becomes profitable from the 240th day of the financial year.
What is the difference between fixed costs and variable costs?
Fixed costs do not depend on the level of activity: rent, fixed salaries, insurance, subscriptions, depreciation. They stay the same whether you sell a lot or a little. Variable costs change in proportion to revenue: purchases of goods, raw materials, commissions, subcontracting. This distinction is at the heart of the break-even calculation.
What is the margin of safety?
The margin of safety is the difference between actual (or projected) revenue and the break-even point: margin of safety = revenue − break-even point. It measures how much revenue can drop before the business becomes loss-making. The margin of safety ratio (margin of safety ÷ revenue) expresses it as a percentage: the higher it is, the more resilient the business.
Does the result of this calculator have any official accounting value?
No. This calculator is based on a simplified model with a single contribution margin ratio, valid for a single-product activity or one with a homogeneous cost structure. It gives a reliable order of magnitude for a business plan or quick management, but does not replace a detailed analysis by your accountant, particularly for a multi-product business.

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